Goats


The results of Izzy’s necropsy are in. I killed her with a stupid management mistake, utterly avoidable.

When I reintroduced the two herds the other day, I continued to offer them the same amount of grain as I always do. However, because of the disruption, Izzy ate hardly any hay at all (the other goats have continued to eat enough hay), but because grain is like candy to goats, she ate her usual amount of grain. Over the course of the two days, her rumen, the pH of which should be near neutral, became acidified by the large amount of grain, which is normally balanced by large amounts of hay. In the hours before she died, the acidification reached the point where the lining of her rumen started to break down, at which time, the bacteria in the rumen, which do the actual digesting of the food, began to be, themselves, absorbed into the bloodstream. Toxic levels of the bacteria in her bloodstream killed her. Her rumen pH at death was 4.0 instead 7.0, and don’t forget the pH scale is logarithmic. So, I should have cut their grain for a few days while they adjusted to being together again. Had I done that, Izzy would be alive.

This is exactly the type of mistake I was talking about in my farm mentor post. I learned my lesson, but it cost the life of my most dear animal.

Sweet, sweet “Izzy Girl,” by far my favorite goat, died suddenly yesterday morning. She was fine and appeared totally healthy the evening before.

However, yesterday morning at 7:30 or so, she didn’t come out with the rest of her herd mates for her grain, so I went in to check on her. She was huddled in a corner, lethargic, and more or less apathetic, although she was still reasonably alert. She had clearly had massive diarrhea. Her back end, back legs, and one of her front legs were covered. One pile of diarrhea was interspersed with opaque (whitish), viscous mucous. I took her temperature, it was a little more than 98 degrees (normal is 102-103). I set up a little infirmary in the barn office, where I could attempt to keep her warm, and at that point, she was able and willing to walk from the pen to the office. While we were walking, she crouched and expelled a small stream of clear, viscous fluid from her anus. She was not interested in warm water with molasses, and she would not swallow when I tried to drench her. By 8 o’clock, her temp was down to 97 and her breathing had become shallow and more or less rapid.

To make a long story short, she died about half an hour later, and had been uncomfortable the last few minutes, standing up, keening, stumbling around, eventually falling down, thrashing mildly about half rolled on her back, with her tongue sticking out, groaning. Finally, she stopped moving, although it was a number of minutes before she died; she quickly spasmed for a second or two every thirty seconds or so.

If the above seems a little clinical, that is because it is. I sent it, along with a health history, in an e-mail to one of the vets at Cornell in the hopes that she might have a clue what happened. I also decided to have one of the local vets do a simple necropsy to see what might have happened.

The reality of Izzy’s death  was much less clinical. As she died, I could barely contain my emotions. I was helpless. I could do absolutely nothing for her. She was in agony. Tears streamed down my face as her body quickly shut down. She screamed, over and over again. I sat there, limp, and impotent, stupidly petting her as she thrashed around. “I’m so sorry, Izz,” I kept saying, “I’m so sorry.” Near the end, she stopped moving and stopped breathing, and I thought she was dead, so I called Jen at work, who had been on her way out the door when I ran up to the house for my flashlight, so she knew that Izzy was sick. Horses, however, don’t die in a flash like sheep and goats do, so she couldn’t believe it when I told her she was dead. But, just then, she cried out again, weakly this time, and spasmed, and flailed her head. I started sobbing, and Jen stayed on the phone with me for a few more minutes until she had really died. I put my ear to her chest, her long white winter coat tickled my ear lobe as I pressed it against her. Silence. Stillness. Izzy, sweet sweet Izzy Girl, was dead.

I had obligations, so I whispered my goodbyes, stood up, ceremonially dusted myself off, and finished my chores, the wind biting my wet cheeks as I wheeled a bale of hay out to the sheep. I walked from death to life, and with death on my mind, I fed the living, I watered the living, I watched and listened to the living. I lived. I cried. I am crying again.

Izzy should have died a decade from now, an old friend, one of my first goats. Instead, she died yesterday and broke my heart.

Militant vegans/vegetarians scoff at the idead that livestock farmers can be or are deeply emotional about the animals in their care, and with industrial farming as the reference, I cannot blame them. On a pastoral farm, however, the contradiction, the paradox, of lovingly killing animals in order to eat them is resolved in the depth of the emotion and care given to their living moments. Care is more than an activity on a pastorl farm, it is an ethic, an ethic that permits, and demands, the development of a deep bond between a farmer and an animal that she may kill or have killed to eat.The fact of slaughter does not abrogate the ethic of care.

That ethic of care granted to slaughter animals is extended beyond care to kinship with breeding animals, even though farmers often have to make tough decisions about breeding animals who are not paying their way. A quality breeding animal may spend a decade or more on a pastoral farm, becoming as much a part of the farm family as the dog. Izzy, her voice, her eyes, her appearance, were deeply embedded in the tenor of my days. Her life, the continued beating of her heart, was an assumption implicit in my every act, from sliding on my boots in the morning, to cutting open a bale of hay. But, now she is dead.

Her body was cold and stiff yesterday when I lifted her from the bed of hay I had prepared for her in the office and carried her out to the truck. I laid her gently in the bed and closed the gate. I picked her up and laid her gently again on a few squares of brown paper on the floor at the vet’s office. I will pick her up twice more. When I see her this morning, she will have been cut and splayed open and probed to see what might have caused her sudden death. The second time I pick her up this morning will be to bury her in the compost pile where she will be slowly broken down until she is fertility for the soil. She will feed blades of grass and clover.

This past summer, I purchased a new buck, who had been born earlier in the spring. He is half Kiko and half Alpine. The expectation was that he would add to the herd some of the qualities that Kiko’s are known for, parasite resistance, good feet, thriftiness. Instead, he’s just been eating hay and grain. He likes to screw. He does it whenever any of the girls are in the mood, it just turns out that he is shooting blanks. He has been in with three does, and after three cycles each, none of them are bred. This is one of the dangers of using an unproven, young buck.

At first, I thought maybe he just wasn’t getting it in, but about a month ago when one of the does was in heat and they were going at it every two minutes, I knelt down and got in real close with a flashlight, and sure enough, there was penetration. Since all of these does have been pregnant before, he must be shooting blanks.

Yesterday, when Brown Goat came back into heat yet again, I threw in the towel. I packed up Blanks and his girlfriends and walked them across the street to the other pen where Coco and Buzi have been with Silkie (our farm-born half-Boer, half-Saanen buck, also young and unproven, but apparently doing his job) and Brown Goat’s little buck who will be slaughtered, along with Blanks, later in the spring.

As soon as I put the goats in the pen, Silkie started going after Brown Goat, and she was happy to stand for him. In the meantime, Brown Goat’s little buck saw his chance, and went after Buzi while Silkie was busy with Brown Goat and Blanks was trying to muscle in on Silkie. I am hoping that Buzi, who was happy to stand for the little guy, was just turned on by all of the commotion and was not actually in heat because I have been under the impression that she had gotten pregnant about six weeks ago.

This means a whole bunch of things. First, Izzy will be bred by her own kid, so no matter what she has, they are going to slaughter. Second, assuming Silkie gets Izzy and Irene on their next heat, they will be kidding in July, which I wanted to avoid this year because it is too hot. The does suffer in late pregnancy and the kids don’t thrive as well as they do when they hit the ground in cooler weather. Third, I will again be wintering over slaughter animals, which I wanted to avoid. It is expensive to winter over a slaughter animal. They should be born in spring, get fat on grass and browse for five or six months and then be slaughtered directly off of their pasture. That is how you make money. How you lose money is wintering over slaughter animals, and by buying unproven blank shooting bucks.

Next Page »